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IPMA ITALY Journal of Applied Project Management
Volume 1 no. 3 (October 2015)
accurately is the premise of managing defines project management as “the
projects effectively. Based on own planning, delegating, monitoring and
perceptions of project characteristics, control of all aspects of the project,
some research institutes and and the motivation of those involved,
researchers propose different to achieve the project objectives
understandings about the within the expected performance
connotations of project and project targets for time, cost, quality, scope,
governance. benefits and risks.”(OGC,2009) IPMA
PMI (Project Management (International Project Management
Institute) defines project as “a Association) defines project as
temporary endeavor designed to “unique, temporary, multidisciplinary
produce a unique product, service”. and organized endeavor to realize
And it defines project management as agreed deliverable within pre-defined
“the discipline of carefully projecting requirements and constraints”. And it
or planning, organizing, motivating defines project management as “a
and controlling resources to achieve tool of managing and controlling the
specific goals and meet specific work of allocating temporary
success criteria” (Muller, 2011). PMI resources and gaining the beneficial
focuses on the uniqueness and changes” (Turner, 2006). These two
provisional of project tasks to define kinds of definitions reflect that the
the project, which indicates the importance of project management
differences between project and on- lies in managing a temporary
going operation while does not organization and conducting project
reflects the particularity of project management should be based on
management. Correspondingly, PMI process. Temporary organization
pays close attention to the application consists of temporary stakeholders,
of knowledge, skills, tools and thus it is necessary to manage the
techniques. Though it proposes that stakeholders when conducting project
management. To some extent, these
project management should “meet
the requirements of project”. However, definitions reflect the particularity of
these requirements mainly mean the project management. However, these
traditional success criteria on time, definitions indicate manage
cost and quality, which do not involve stakeholders when conducting project
in the behavior and expectations of management but neglect stressing
stakeholders. Thus its definition of meeting the stakeholders’
project does not reflect the requirements since project
particularity of project management. stakeholders have their own aims to
OGC (Office of Government participate projects.
Commerce) issues a set of project With the ceaseless changing
criteria, which is PRINCE2 (Projects IN environment, it is difficult for enterprises
Controlled Environments, version 2). to merely rely on their own resources
PRINCE2 defines a project as "a to satisfy the project unique
temporary organization that is created requirements. Therefore, it has been a
for the purpose of delivering one or common phenomenon that
more business products according to enterprises cooperate with external
an agreed Business Case". And it partners to complete projects. And this
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